What it shows
A Lorenz curve of internal failure cost per record (scrap, rework, deviations and other failures found before the product leaves the plant): records sorted from most to least expensive, against their running share of internal failure cost. The diagonal is an equal spread.
Why it matters in manufacturing
Internal failure is the loss you still control. A few expensive events, such as a scrapped batch, call for root-cause work on those events; many small losses call for changes to the process itself.
How to read it
The further the curve bows above the diagonal, the more a few records dominate. The markers show what the most expensive 5% and 20% of records hold; compare with the concentration of all failure cost beside it.
What good looks like
The curve stays close to the diagonal: no handful of scrap, rework or deviation records holds most of the internal failure cost, and big losses that do show up are not repeated.