What it shows
A Lorenz curve of failure cost per record: records sorted from most to least expensive, against their running share of failure cost. The diagonal is an equal spread.
Why it matters in manufacturing
A few big incidents and many small leaks need different actions: root-cause work on the big ones, or process changes for the many.
How to read it
The further the curve bows above the diagonal, the more a few records dominate. The markers show what the most expensive 5% and 20% of records hold.
What good looks like
The curve stays close to the diagonal after the big incidents are solved, with no handful of records holding most of the failure cost.